Understanding Keratitis - Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

January 15, 2024

Introduction

Keratitis is a condition that affects the cornea, the transparent front part of the eye. This inflammation of the cornea can be a result of various factors and can lead to discomfort, blurred vision, and, if left untreated, serious complications. In this blog post, we will explore the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for keratitis.

Causes of Keratitis

1. Infections

Keratitis is often caused by bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic infections. Common culprits include:

• Bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
• Viruses: Herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
• Fungi: Fusarium, Aspergillus.

2. Trauma

Corneal injuries, scratches, or foreign objects can introduce bacteria and cause inflammation.

3. Contact Lens Wear

Improper use of contact lenses, including wearing them for extended periods or poor hygiene, increases the risk of keratitis.

4. Dry Eyes

Insufficient tear production or poor tear quality can lead to dry eyes, making the cornea more susceptible to infection.

5. Environmental Factors

Exposure to harsh environmental conditions, such as wind, dust, or ultraviolet (UV) rays, can contribute to keratitis.

Symptoms of Keratitis

Recognizing the symptoms of keratitis is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment. These may include:

• Eye redness and irritation.
• Excessive tearing or discharge.
• Blurred or decreased vision.
• Sensitivity to light.
• Eye pain or discomfort.
• Foreign body sensation.

Treatment Options

1. Antibiotic or Antifungal Medications

Depending on the cause of keratitis, doctors may prescribe topical or oral antibiotics or antifungal medications to eliminate the infection.

2. Antiviral Medications

For viral keratitis, antiviral medications like acyclovir may be recommended.

3. Lubricating Eye Drops

To alleviate dry eyes and discomfort, lubricating eye drops can be used.

4. Corticosteroids

In some cases, corticosteroid eye drops may be prescribed to reduce inflammation.

5. Avoiding Contact Lens Wear

Patients with contact lens-related keratitis should refrain from wearing lenses until the infection clears.

Preventive Measures

1. Proper Contact Lens Hygiene

Follow proper hygiene practices when handling and wearing contact lenses.

2. Eye Protection

Wear sunglasses to shield your eyes from UV rays and use protective eyewear in environments with potential eye hazards.

3. Regular Eye Exams

Regular eye check-ups can help detect and address potential issues early on.

Conclusion

Keratitis is a serious eye condition that requires prompt attention. By understanding its causes, recognizing symptoms, and adopting preventive measures, individuals can safeguard their eye health. If you experience any symptoms of keratitis, consult with an eye care professional for a thorough examination and appropriate treatment.

Remember, your eyes are invaluable, and taking proactive steps to protect them is key to maintaining good vision and overall eye health.